People often think of protein as being synonymous with energy, without understanding the role that fats and carbohydrates play in the pet’s diet. There is a common misperception that “all carbs are bad” or that “less fat is always better”. But in fact, carbohydrates and fats are the first nutrients to be converted into energy. It is only when the body has depleted the available carbohydrates and fats does it begin to convert protein into energy. Because protein helps to build and support muscle mass, using protein as the only available source of energy may result in weakened muscles. [link to the balance article where we talk more about fats, proteins, carbs, etc.]
Think of Fat and Carbs as fuel, and Protein as the engine. Fuel can’t become energy without the engine, and the engine can’t produce energy on its own without fuel.
Carbohydrates are the most quickly and easily broken down sources of energy. The body first converts carbohydrates to fuel for energy. Excess carbohydrates are stored in the body as fat, so it is important to to avoid high carbohydrate foods unless your dog is an athlete or a working dog burning extra fuel.* In all cases, the best source(s) of carbohydrates are complex carbohydrates from natural and fiber-rich foods which supply essential nutrients and do not cause a sudden glucose spike.
Fats are the second most easily digested source of energy. When carbohydrates are depleted, the body begins to convert fat into fuel for energy. Excess fat is also stored in the body as fat, so while an adequate supply of fatty acids are essential in the dog’s diet, high fat levels should be avoided unless your dog is an athlete or a working dog needing extra fuel.*
When both carbohydrates and fats have been depleted, the body begins to convert protein into energy. Since protein is the basis for building and maintaining muscles, using protein as the primary source of energy over time can lead to a protein deficiency and weakened muscles.
Optimum energy results from having fuel sources that are quickly and easily broken down. The healthiest diet includes a balance of all of these, plus other essential nutrients.
*Note that the amount for athletic or working dogs may be higher than the average household pet needs. Increased carbohydrate or fat levels should be commensurate with the activity level of the dog.
Health Issues Addressed By Food
